The Effects of Capitalism on Migration Dynamics: Perspectives of Congolese Migrants in Durban, South Africa

Yvonne Kabongo

Published: 2025/09/01

Abstract

Capitalism remains the prevailing economic system in most contemporary societies. This article examines the effects of capitalism on migration dynamics, focusing on the perspectives of Congolese migrants residing in Durban, South Africa. By analysing the economic factors that drive migration, such as global inequality, the pursuit of better economic opportunities, and labour exploitation, this study illuminates how capitalist systems shape migrants’ experiences. Using qualitative methods, including interviews and life histories, the article explores how neoliberal policies, market forces, and competition for resources influence not only the motivations behind migration but also the challenges of integration migrants face in host societies. It further delves into issues related to employment, working conditions, and social exclusion while highlighting the strategies of resilience and survival developed by migrant communities. Based on the results of this study, we argue that capitalism not only drives migration from the Global South but also exacerbates socio-economic marginalization and limits integration for migrants within host societies like South Africa.

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