Addressing Violence against Women through Zimbabwean Hip-Hop Music: A Case Study of Holy Ten’s Selected Songs

Joyce Bonde, Moses Changa and Vimbai Chamisa

Published: 2025/09/01

Abstract

Violence against women (VAW) remains a pervasive social issue in Zimbabwe, often perpetuated by entrenched cultural norms and limited public discourse. In recent years, popular music — particularly hip-hop — has emerged as a powerful medium for addressing social injustices and advocating for change. The purpose of this study is to examine how VAW is represented and addressed in Zimbabwean hip-hop music, focusing on selected songs by Holy Ten, one of the country’s most influential contemporary artists. Specifically, the study investigates how his music influences public awareness and attitudes toward VAW. A qualitative, exploratory research design was employed, using purposive sampling to select four of Holy Ten’s songs: Pfumo (Spear) (2022), Kumba Kune Vanhu (There are People at Home) (2020), Pandichamuka (When I Wake Up) (2021), and MaChills (Chills) (2021). Data was collected through lyrical analysis and supported by secondary sources such as interviews, online articles, and audience commentary on digital platforms. The findings reveal that Holy Ten’s music vividly portrays various forms of VAW, including economic exploitation, emotional manipulation, and domestic abuse. His narrative style not only critiques societal norms but also raises awareness and promotes dialogue on these issues. Additionally, the study found that his music fosters a deeper public understanding of the complexities surrounding VAW and influences attitudes towards rejecting violence in personal and communal spaces. The study concludes that Holy Ten’s work contributes significantly to shifting public perceptions and encouraging positive behavioural change. It recommends that more artists leverage their platforms to address VAW and partner with advocacy initiatives to amplify their social impact. This study ultimately underscores the transformative potential of music as a tool for confronting deeply rooted social issues.

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